THE EFFECT OF HYALURONIC ACID ON HUMAN FIBROBLASTS: AN IN VITRO STUDY

A. Palmieri¹, P. Daliu² and E. Qorri²

¹Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
²Dental School, Albanian University, Tirana, Albany

Correspondence to:

Annalisa Palmieri, PhD
Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine,
University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
e-mail: annalisa.palmieri@unibo.it

Received: 23 June, 2021 Accepted: 17 August, 2021Copyright: Biolife-Publisher.it © 2021

ISSN: 2038-4106 This publication and/or article is for individual use only and may not be further reproduced without written permission from the copyright holder. Unauthorized reproduction may result in financial and other penalties. Disclosure: All authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article.

ABSTRACT

The linear glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid is a component of many body organs and tissues, such as the extracellular matrix of connective tissue, skin, synovial fluid, and embryonic mesenchymal tissue, naturally occurring with a high molecular weight. Hyaluronic acid can also be detected in the soft periodontal tissues (gingiva and periodontal ligament). Hyaluronic acid biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, non-immunogenic and non-inflammatory properties make it applicable to bioengineering and biomedicine fields. Its molecular weight influences the biological effects of hyaluronic acid. High-molecular weight hyaluronic acid causes the suppression of immune response, avoiding the exacerbations of inflammation; on the other hand, low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid takes part in tissue damage signaling and immune cell mobilization. Thanks to these properties, hyaluronic acid can be considered a promoter of soft tissue and bone healing. This study evaluates the effect of hyaluronic acid with different molecular weights on fibroblasts.

Keywords: hyaluronic acid, inflammation, fibroblasts