SINONASAL KERATINIZING SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: CLINICAL AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FINDINGS

A. Temelci¹, G. Ünsal^2*, Ö. Tunçyürek^3,4, M. Özen⁵, F.Erişir⁶, R. Franco⁷, V. Ronsivalle⁸, M. Cicciù⁸ and G. Minervini^9,10

¹Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus;
²Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus;
³Department of Radiology, International Cyprus University, Nicosia, Cyprus;
⁴Department of Pathology, Dr. Burhan Nalbantoglu State Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus;
⁵Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus;
⁶ International Cyprus University, Nicosia, Cyprus;
⁷Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy;
⁸Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, Catania, Italy;
⁹Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;
¹⁰Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy

*Correspondence to:
Gürkan Ünsal, MD
Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology,
Near East University,
Nicosia, Cyprus
e-mail:gurkanunsal@aol.com

Received: 11 November 2023 Accepted: 30 December 2023

ISSN 2975-044X (online) ISSN 2038-4106 (print) Copyright © by BIOLIFE 2024 This publication and/or article is for individual use only and may not be further reproduced without written permission from the copyright holder. Unauthorized reproduction may result in financial and other penalties. Disclosure: All authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article.

ABSTRACT

Sinonasal keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma is a rare malignancy originating from the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity epithelium. This report details the clinical presentation, radiological insights, and management of a localized sinonasal keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma case in the maxillary sinus. A 47-year-old female patient with asymptomatic cheek swelling underwent comprehensive evaluation. Clinical examination, orthopantomography, conebeam computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed. Histopathological analysis showed poorly differentiated keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. Clinical assessment revealed a firm, painless swelling in the posterior left maxillary region. Imaging studies exhibited opacity within the left maxillary sinus, evident as well-defined destruction of lateral and posterior walls. Magnetic resonance imaging delineated a heterogeneous mass extending into subcutaneous adipose tissue, characterized by constrained diffusion and pronounced contrast enhancement. Maxillectomy was performed, classifying the tumor as T3N0M0. The rare presentation of sinonasal keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma underscores the importance of timely diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic strategies. This case illustrates the crucial role of multidisciplinary collaboration involving clinical evaluation, advanced imaging, and histopathological analysis for effective management. Healthcare practitioners should remain vigilant, considering uncommon malignancies in the differential diagnosis of sinonasal lesions to ensure optimal patient outcomes.

KEYWORDS: cone-beam computed tomography, head and neck neoplasms, magnetic resonance imaging, maxillectomy, squamous cell carcinoma