ONE OUT OF TEN: WHEN ORAL MEDICINE SHOULD NOT LEAVE BEHIND WOMEN AFFECTED BY REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS

S. Bernardi¹, G. Falisi¹, S.R. Tari², F.S. Al-Hamed³ and A. Scarano^2*

 ¹Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Italy;
²Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy;
³College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

*Correspondence to:
Antonio Scarano, DDS
Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry,
University of Chieti-Pescara,
Via Dei Vestini 31,
66100 Chieti Italy
e-mail: ascarano@unich.it

Received: 18 January 2024 Accepted: 02 March 2024

ISSN 2975-1276 [online] Copyright 2024 © by BIOLIFE This publication and/or article is for individual use only and may not be further reproduced without written permission from the copyright holder. Unauthorized reproduction may result in financial and other penalties. Disclosure: all authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article.

ABSTRACT

Female reproductive disorders represent conditions that can significantly impact the overall well-being of women. Research suggests that hormonal changes during menstrual cycles, pregnancy, and menopause can influence the oral environment and contribute to an increased susceptibility to oral diseases, such as periodontitis. Furthermore, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, has been associated with an increased risk of periodontal disease. The underlying hormonal imbalances and inflammatory processes in PCOS may contribute to the higher prevalence and severity of periodontal disease observed in these individuals. Conversely, periodontal disease may have implications for female reproductive health. Evidence suggests a potential link between periodontal pathogens and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and preeclampsia. The dissemination of oral bacteria and their byproducts into the systemic circulation can trigger an inflammatory response and disrupt the delicate balance essential for a successful pregnancy. This review explores the interrelationship between female reproductive disorders and oral medicine implications, highlighting their potential bidirectional interactions and shared underlying mechanisms. Implementing multidisciplinary approaches combining gynecological and dental care can enhance patient outcomes and improve women’s health. Early identification, timely interventions, and preventive measures focused on maintaining oral health through adequate oral hygiene, professional cleanings, and regular dental check-ups are paramount.

Keywords: PCOS, endometriosis, assisted reproductive technology, periodontitis