DENTAL IMPLANTS DISPLACED INTO THE MANDIBULAR CORPUS: A MINI-REVIEW

F. Tricca^1†*, S.R. Tari^‡1, S. Benedicenti², S.A. Gehrke^3‡, F. Inchingolo^4† and A. Scarano¹

¹Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy;
²Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy;
³Department of Research, Bioface/PgO/UCAM, Montevideo, Uruguay, Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain;
⁴Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
^†These authors contributed equally to this work as co-first Authors
^‡These authors contributed equally to this work as co-last Authors

Correspondence to:
Antonio Scarano, DDS
Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry,
University of Chieti-Pescara,
66100 Chieti, Italy
e-mail: ascarano@unich.it

Received: 25 April  2024 Accepted: 29 May 2024

ISSN 2975-1276 [online] Copyright 2024 © by BIOLIFE This publication and/or article is for individual use only and may not be further reproduced without written permission from the copyright holder. Unauthorized reproduction may result in financial and other penalties. Disclosure: all authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article.

ABSTRACT

                Although dental implant surgery is considered a somewhat predictable procedure, unforeseen accidents can occur, particularly in the posterior areas where the trabecular density is lower than the anterior. In the posterior mandible, poor bone density, loss of cortical engagement, and differences in bone quality between alveolar and basal bone could undermine the success of the treatment, resulting in a subsequent implant migration to the medullary bone marrow.  Inadequate surgical technique/planning, overworking of the implant bed, improper management of implant procedures along with systemic disease (osteopenia or osteoporosis), as well as the presence of lesions or cysts, can contribute to the development of the complication. To maximize bone engagement avoiding implant displacement, several precautions have been proposed. Treatment varies according to the depth of the displaced implant. In the case of superficial displacement above the inferior alveolar nerve, the crestal approach is the treatment of choice. When encountering deep displacement, a lateral approach is recommended as it provides better visibility and an improved operation field for implant retrieval.

 KEYWORDS: displaced implant, mandibular corpus, complication, focal osteoporotic, bone marrow defect